本文名為「馬克 - 烏威‧克靈科幻小說《優質國度》中的透明社會: 一座數位全景監獄」，旨在透過德國作家馬克 - 烏威‧克靈 2017 年出版的 科幻小說《優質國度》中的未來世界，探討數位科技的進步，讓任何人隨 時都可以取得任何資訊，尤其今日在公共論述中，「透明」一詞是現代秩 序中常見的口號。但是否數位科技假藉著優化人類社會的效果，實則創造 一種全面圍堵並即時監控的數位監獄。此外，本文將以韓裔德國哲學家韓 炳哲《透明社會》一書中，批判數位科技所帶來的假性理想作為論點依據， 進而分析小說:舉凡未來人類生活仰賴「大數據」、「演算法」、「人工智能」 後，對「知識」、「權力」、「情感」與「個人存在」在進入數位時代後 的社會轉變。
分析中也提出下列疑問:一、如何透過與小說同名的城市「優質過度」 中高科技建立一種透明社會?而這樣的透明社會為何導致知識受限以及認 知危機?二、在「優質國度」中，大數據如何改變公民秩序，甚至集體行動? 為何高科技摧毀民主?三、人工智能如何轉變人類的情緒?人工智能自動 化如何壟斷人類的行為?為何最終人工智能強調的自動優化取代人類的潛 意識?四、「優質國度」城市中的個人如何在「數位監獄」中作為個體存在?
本研究藉由分析小說呈現透明社會如何成為數位全景監獄，得出個人 對數位監獄抵抗的可能性。
The aim of this paper on Marc-Uwe Kling's science fiction novel QualityLand (2017) is to analyze how fiction presents a transparent society as a digital panopticon and to explore the possibilities of personal resistance against digital control. Advanc- es in digital technology have made knowledge accessible, making any information available to anyone at any time. This is especially the case in today's public discourse, in which the word “transparency” is a common slogan. But is it possible that digital technology is actually creating a digital prison with total containment and real-time surveillance by pretending to optimize the impact of human society? The argument put forward here is based on The Transparency Society (2012) by the South Korean- born German philosopher Byung-Chul Han, in which he criticizes the false ideals brought about by digital technology. In these terms, Kling’s science fiction can be an- alyzed as follows: If, in the future, human life depends on Big Data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence, then the digital age can show the transformation of a society in regard to knowledge, power, emotion, and personal existence.
This raises the following questions: 1) In the novel, how can the “QualityLand” with fully developed digital technology build a transparency society? And how does atransparency society cause a cognitive crisis for its people by limiting access to knowl- edge? 2) Can Big Data algorithms in “QualityLand” change order in civil society and ultimately even collective actions? And is digital technology leading to the destruction of democracy? 3) Does artificial intelligence change human emotions? How does ar- tificial intelligence dominate human behavior based on its automation processes? And will the self-improvement function emphasized by artificial intelligence replace the human subconscious? 4) How can the individual finally exist as an independent sub- ject if the “QualityLand” is only “a digital panopticon”?