前期出版


5

指涉國籍的英語專有名詞之語言形式及語意變化 Form and Meaning Variations of English Proper Nouns Denoting Nationalities


作者
劉小梅
Author
Hsiao-Mei Liu
摘要

英語中指涉國籍的專有名詞(以下稱國籍名詞),可有單複數的構詞變化,並且其前也可出現冠詞,然而卻不是所有的國籍名詞都有一致性的語言形式之變化;本文按照國籍名詞的語法及構詞變化模式,將國籍名詞分為兩類,並找出決定國籍名詞類別劃分的因素,是在於國籍名詞尾端的語音,是否爲絲音。兩類的國籍名詞,無絲音結尾者,可有單複數的構詞變化,並可與定冠詞或不定冠詞共同使用,再隨著句中動詞的指涉,是爲泛指或是發生的語境,而變化其各語言形式的語意;具有絲音結尾的國籍名詞,表面上不能接受絲音的複數詞尾變化,然而在使用上卻是複數,因此牽動其與句中其他成分的語法配合及句子的語意形成。

Synopsis

Proper nouns denoting nationalities (hence nationality nouns) in English have the morphological variation between singular and plural forms. Also, articles can appear in front of them. However, such variations are not consistently observed by all nationality nouns. In the paper, nationality nouns are classified into two categories according to the syntactic and morphological variations of the nouns. The paper finds that the final sound of a nationality noun being sibilant or not determines the classification of the noun. The nationality noun without the sibilant ending has the morphological variation of the singular vs. plural form. Such nationality nouns can also be preceded by the article the or a. With the predicate denoting general or particular situations, the various forms of these nationality nouns vary their meanings. Nationality nouns with the sibilant ending cannot be followed by a plural form which is also a sibilant. Such nationality nouns are plural in use, however. This affects the syntactic agreement between the nationality noun and other syntactic components as well as the composed meaning of the sentence.